Ortibal states

I don't know how exaclty to how to do the first part of the problem, but I do know how to find the electron configuration. (See attached file for full problem description) --- 1. a) Find the number of available states for each possible angular momentum, l, in the M-shell (n = 3). b) Find the complete electron configuration for 6931Ga (gallium atom). Use the standard format 1s22s2… for the answer. Place the sub-shells in order of increasing energy. ---

X-ray spectrum

2. a) The Kα line in the X-ray spectrum from Platinum metal is found to have a wavelength of 0.0205 nm. Calculate the atomic number of Platinum. b) Estimate the Kα line X-ray wavelength for gold.

Atomic states

(See attached file for full problem description) --- Atoms of lithium are able to absorb photons of frequency 2.01 x 1014 Hz. This corresponds to a transition state from the ground state (at -5.37 ev) to an excited state. Zero energy corresponds to the state in which one electron is completely removed from the atom. (Use h = 4.14 x 10-15 ev s and c = 3.0 x 108 m/s). a) What is the energy of the excited state referred to in the passage? b) What is the wavelength of light corresponding to this transition? ---

Binding Enegy

I've attached a word document of the problem. I just don't know how to do what it's asking me. --- 4. Calculate the average binding energy per nucleon of the following nuclei. (a) 73Li MeV/nucleon (b) 13856Ba MeV/nucleon I have no idea how to calculate the binding energy for an atom. I looked at the examples in the book, but they are very confusing. ---

Radioactivity; Activity and Half-life

3. The half-life of iodine-131, an isotope used in the treatment of thyroid disorders, is 8.04 d. (a) If a sample of iodine-131 contains 5.0 1016 nuclei, what is the activity of the sample? Express your answer in curies. (b) If the half-life of iodine-131 were only one-fifth of its actual value, calculate the factor by which the activity of this sample would change. (See attached file for full problem description)