Cosmic myths serve in human society

What are some of the functions that cosmic myths serve in human society? What kinds of questions do they answer?

Eastern Philosophies

Using two or three Eastern philosophies, describe how they compare, take sides, and determine which philosophies are most persuasive and explain why. I don't know where to start.

Plato - using personal judgement

Could use some help with this question Which part of the soul (and the city) discovers what is right and what is wrong? How is the judgment of this part of the soul related to the other parts when we act justly? How is it related to them when we act unjustly?

Fallacies

I can not understand the meaning of these fallacies. Can someone give me an example of an "appeal to emotion" fallacy, a "composition fallacy", and a "past belief" fallacy?

Three Fallacies

I have to locate items from the media preferably print that contains the three following fallacies: Hasty Generalization Appeal to Emotion Common Belief I then have to write one paragraph explaining the fallacy. The problem I am having is locating articles or advertisements to retrieve the fallacies from.