Discuss the meaning of the Cartesian statement “I think, therefore I am.”

7. Discuss the meaning of the Cartesian statement “I think, therefore I am.” What implications does this statement made by Descartes have for one’s conception of reality? Explain in detail Descartes’ view that the reality of his own consciousness is the only fact that cannot be doubted.

Plato's allegory of the cave

8. In Plato’s allegory of the cave, you encounter one of the most powerful philosophical ways to deal with the problem of reality. Give a brief account of the allegory, explaining the main symbols and their meanings. Explain how this allegory allows you to deal with problem of reality, and develop your own interpretation of this problem.

Role of Myth in Contemporary Society

Determining if mythical values are present in America today, and to determine the sources of contemporary myths (television, films,video games, novels, comic books, music, art etc). And to give examples of the myths, heroes, and values present. A) Do we live with myths today? B) What is its role?

Do you agree with the Presocratic thinkers who take the world to be a kosmos, a perfectly arranged and balanced reality? Why or why not?

1. There are various concepts associated with the Presocratics that appear to have been decisive in the development of philosophy and science. In particular, one could mention arche, physis, logos, and kosmos. What are the specific meanings attached to these terms? Explain their importance in the history of philosophy and science? Do you agree with the Presocratic thinkers who take the world to be a kosmos, a perfectly arranged and balanced reality? Why or why not?

Explain how the Presocratics challenged the prevailing ideas of their time.

Explain how the Presocratics challenged the prevailing ideas of their time. That is, how did they call into question certain mythological, religious, and anthropomorphic explanations of the world? In your own words, explain how a philosophical explanation differs from these.