A sample hspice netlist with comments explaining what each line means.

Oftentimes, netlists are generated by programs such as cadence, etc. However, on the rare occasions when one has to look at hspice netlists, one shouldn't be at a complete lost. Here's a brief hspice netlist example that hopefully will clear up some confusion when reading .hsp files.

Fermi energy, doping

1. a silicon n-p-n bipolar junction (BJT) is designed with emitter, base and collector doping levels of 1019 cm-3 , 1015 cm-3 and 5 à— 1017 cm-3 , respectively. Assuming the intrinsic carrier concentration (ni) in silicon to be 1010 cm-3 , calculate the Fermi energy, EF, relative to the intrinsic Fermi energy, EFi for each layer. Hence draw the energy band diagram for the BJT labelling the energy sale clearly to show the relative positions of EF and EFi across the structure. Explain; [a] the choice of doping levels for emitter, base and collector. [b] the biasing conditions required to turn the transistor on. For the circuit shown below, determ... click for more

ELECTRONIC AND OPTOELECTRONIC DEVICES

. A microscope has an objective with f = 1 cm, an ocular with f = 2.5 cm, and a distance s = 10 cm between them. Taking the best viewing distance as 25 cm, a) Find the magnification of a microscope b) Plot the picture of the rays to scale using the graph paper. 2.Model a parabolic graded-index fibre with n (r) = n 1 [1-(r/a)² delta] for r is less than or equal to a , with n 1 = 1.5, a = 0.1 mm and delta = 0.01 , by the equivalent multiple-step approximation. Divide the radius into 10 equal parts. Consider a ray inside the fibre crossing the fibre axis at 5° with respect to that axis. Using the graph paper, plot the progress of the ray through the fibre until it turns back and re-c... click for more

Electric circuit

If the resistance of an electric circuit is 12 ohms and the voltage in the circuit is 60 V, the current flowing through the circuit is?(A) 0.2A (b)5 A (c)60Aor (D) 720A.

voltage

a transformer has a primary voltage of 115v and a secondary voltage of 24v. if the number of turns in the primary is 345, how many turns are in the secondary? (a) 8 (b) 72 (c)690 (d) 1,653 ?