Protein Denaturation

1) Where on the Periodic Table do elements that denature albumin seem to occur? 2) Which additional metal ions would you expect to cause denaturation of proteins? WHY? 3) If the pH of fresh milk is 7 and the pH of whey is 5 and the pH of water acidified with lactic acid is 2, why is there a difference between the pH of the acidified milk (whey) and that of the acidified water (50 mL demineralized water with 10 drops of 88% lactic acid)? 4) If you added 5 drops of the following metal ions (sodium, calcium, lead, & mercury) to 2-3 mL of 1% egg albumin, what would you expect to see as far as changes in precipitation, color, denaturation of proteins? 5) What about if you heated ... click for more

Activity of an Enzyme

1) Knowing that enzymes act as catalysts in the chemical reactions which take place in living cells, and that they are also protein molecules and protein activity is affected by certain environmental factors, WHAT PREDICTIONS CAN BE MADE ABOUT THE EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE ON ENZYME ACTIVITY AND WHY? 2) Starting with 4 test tubes with 5.0 mL of milk in each and 4 test tubes of 1 mL of 0.1% rennet solution in each, and then chilling one pair of tubes in a beaker of ice water for 5 minutes, one pair held at room temperature, one pair immersed in a water bath at 50C for 5 minutes and the last pair in a water bath that 75C for 5 minutes, then working with one pair at a time and adding each test... click for more

Enzyme Action

1) what is the region of an enzyme structure in which the substrate is attached called? Is it the active site or something else? 2) Is the activation energy of an enzyme-catalyzed reaction greater or less than that for a reaction in which no enzyme is present? 3) What is the difference between a competitive inhibitor and a non-competitive inhibitor? 4) How, if at all, could the effect of the presence of each type of inhibitor be overcome? 5) What effect would, if doubled, cause the rate of reaction to be doubled? 6) Is it true that all enzymes are irreversibly inhibited at about 40C and that they are denatured at pH 3.0 and that a change in the pH of the environment will cause... click for more

Enzyme Action

1) How would you graph to show how the rate of reaction would be affected by the presence of a competitive inhibitor? 2) How would you graph to show how the rate of reaction would be affected by the presence of a non-competitor inhibitor?

Glycolysis Pathway

1) Glycerol can also enter the glycolysis pathway by being converted to what? 2) How many molecules of ATP are USED UP in the glycolysis pathway? 3) How many pyruvate molecules are obtained from ONE molecule of glucose in the glycolysis pathway? 4) How many molecules of ATP are PRODUCED in the glycolysis pathway? 5) How many molecules of NADH are produced in glycolysis (before the Krebs Cycle)? 6) What is the TOTAL number of molecules of ATP that are produced as a result of the glycolysis AND the Krebs Cycle?