Chemistry

Explain the following terms:
                          
Addition reaction
Homolysis  and heterolysis
Nucleophile  and electrophile
Hence a) explain briefly why alkanes react only by homolysis

b) show the mechanism of the nucleophilic substitution of bromoethane with sodium hydroxide

Q3.    There are four compounds, A-D, all with molecular formula C4H8.
Compound A is a cis-isomer and compound B is a trans-isomer.  Both react with concentrated sulphuric acid, followed by water to yield a compound E of formula C4H10O.
Compound C reacts with sulphuric acid followed by water, to yield mostly compound E, but also some compound F, also  C4H10O.
Compound D also reacts reacts with sulphuric acid and water to produce a major product G and a minor product H, both of formula   C4H10O also.
Deduce the structural formulae of compounds A-H, and explain your reasoning.          


Q4.   Explain the difference in structure between a primary, secondary and tertiary alcohol(Alkanol).
Outline, with equations, the product(s) of oxidation of each of the above three types of alcohol.

Q5.   You are provided with a mixture which you suspect may consist of hexane, hexylamine and propanol.

a) How would you attempt to separate the mixture?
b) Suggest a chemical or physical test, which would help to confirm your suspicion as to the chemical nature of each of the three components?