Mutations are summarized.

I briefly describe how a mutation might alter gene function (at the molecular level) if it fell into the following categories. As an example, a neomorphic mutation could result from expressing a gene in a novel location. a) null mutation b) hypomorphic mutation c) hypermorphic mutation

Drosophila

Kruppel and giant are 2 gap genes in drosophila for which the maternal effect gene bicoid serves as a transcriptional activator. Bicoid protein is present in an concentration gradient in the drosophila embryo, with the highest levels at the anterior end and progressively lower levels as one moves toward the posterior pole. a) In general terms , what phenotype is expected of a mutation producing non-functional kruppel protein? B) The expression domain of giant is anterior to that of kruppel with little overlap between the two. List 2 general types of gene regulatory mechanisms that contribute to these differences in expression pattern between giant and krupel. c) hedgehog is an examp... click for more

Allele frequency and Blood group system

In a particular random mating population, the frequency of the O allele of the ABO blood group system is .6, the frequency of A is .3, and the frequency of B is .1. a) If a type O man and a type A woman produce a child, what is the probability it will be type O? b) If their first child is type O, what is the probability the second one will also be type O? c) If the first one is type A, what is the probability the second one will be type O?

Mitosis/ Chromosomes

HeLa cells (a strain of human cells cultured in the laboratory) have a mitotic cycle of about 24 hours, of which about 11 hrs is spent in G1, about 8 hrs in S, about 4 hrs in G2, and about 1 hr in mitosis. If you took a sample of HeLa cells from a culture, and looked at it through the microscope, in about what % of cells would you expect the chromosomes to be visible? The answer is about 1 cell in 24, or 4.2%, would be expected to have visible chromosomes. I have been doing this prolem several times now and I can't figure out how to do it. I am so confused. Can you also explained the number of chromosomes you get from mitosis?

Chromosome

Rarely, hens reverse phenotypic (not chromosomal dew late in life and develop into sprem producing males. If such a male were to be mated to a normal female, what sex ratio would be expected among the offsrping? (Eggs with no X chromosome do not hatch.)