Mutation rates

The basic formula for mutation rate is: mutation rate= # mutation events/(gene x generation). consider a situation when a scientist measures the mutation rate in an organism over several generations. if the scientist observes 10 mutant organisms for a particular gene after 4 generations (assuming 100,000 individuals or 100,000 genes per generation), they might conclude that the mutation rate is 10/(100,000 +100,000 +100,000 +100,000) = 10/(4 x 100,000) =2.5 x 10^-5. however, this analysis neglects a crucial detail: that all the mutants may have originated from a single mutant early in the experiment. for example, all 10 mutants might represent exactly the same mutation, perhaps due to ... click for more

Classification

(See attached files for full problem description) --- In the animal kingdom, you can place animals in categories based on certain differences in the characteristics that each possesses. If you know what critical traits to look for, it is possible to separate any animal into its proper taxonomic category. Use this dichotomous key to help determine the taxonomic category to which a specific organism belongs. ---

Dihybrid cross/sex link cross

How to set up the crosses... I know you take the genotype and set them up in a box but where specifically do the traits go? On a sex link trait question I know that the Y chromosome has nothing to mask it because it is shorter than the X chromosome so do you just leave that genotype off the cross?

These problems are from General Biology I.

(See attached files for full problem description)

These problems are from General Biology I.

(See attached files for full problem description)