Arrangement of elements in levers

Differentiate between the arrangement of elements (load, fulcrum, and effort) in first-, second-, and third-class levers.

Neck muscles

Name and describe the action of muscles used to shake your head no. To nod yes.

Questions about abdominal muscles

(a) Name the four muscle pairs that act in unison to compress the abdominal contents. (b) How does their arrangement (fiber direction) contribute to the strength of the abdominal wall? (c) Which of these muscles can effect lateral rotation of the spine? (d) Which can act alone to flex the spine?

Shoulder joint movements

List all (six) possible movements that can occur at the shoulder joint and name the prime mover(s) of each movement. Then name their antagonists.

Forearm muscles

a) Name two forearm muscles that are powerful extensors and abductors of the wrist. (b) Name the sole forearm muscle that can flex the distal interphalangeal joints