The second law of thermodynamics is often cited as a reason that biological evolution is not possible. What types of assumptions lead to this conclusion? - The second law of thermodynamics is often cited as a reason that biological evolution is not possible. What types of assumptions lead to this conclusion? Is this an accurate interpretation of the second law? Why or why not? Can biological...

Creation of a buffer solution - How do I go about preparing the following buffer solution, i.e, determining what volume of the acid and its base I need? Problem: Choose an appropriate weak acid from the list below to make 0.25 liters of a 0.1M buffer solution that has a pH of 4.7: AVAILABLE WEAK ACIDS: Acetic acid (Ka = 1.8e-5) Formic acid (Ka = 1.8e-4) Citric acid (Ka = 8.4e-4) Ben...

Reaction Rates - The rate of the following reaction in aqueous solution is monitored by measuring the rate of formation of (I3^-). The data obtained is listed in the table. (S2O8^2-) + (3I^-) ----> (2SO4^2-) + (I3^-) Experiment ([S2O8]^2-), M ([I]^-),M Initial rate, M s^1- 1 0.038 0.060 1.4 x 10^-5 ...

Acid/Base - You want to make a 0.1M acetate buffer from 0.1M solutions of acetic acid and acetate. How many mL of acetic acid would you need per liter of solution (with the rest of the volume coming from the acetate solution) to generate a pH of 4.75? The pKa of acetic acid is 4.76

Titration of a Strong Acid - Procedure 1 ( click to view assignments for this procedure ) PLEASE NOTE: Titration requires several steps in order to obtain exact results. 1. Take a clean Erlenmeyer flask from the Glassware shelf and place it on the workbench. 2. Add 25 mL HCl (of unknown concentration) to the flask. 3. Add 2 drops of phenolphthalein to the flask. 4.Take a burrete ...